Kwanan nan, mun sami sako daga abokinmu a Arewacin Turai yana tambaya game da abubuwan da za su iya haifar da gazawar lokacin girma barkono mai dadi a cikin greenhouse.
Wannan lamari ne mai sarkakiya, musamman ga wadanda suka saba wa harkar noma. Shawarata ita ce kada a yi gaggawar fara noman noma. Madadin haka, da farko, samar da ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masu noman noma, bincika sosai dalla-dalla duk bayanan da suka dace game da noma, da haɗi tare da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru.
A cikin noman greenhouse, duk wani kuskuren da aka yi a cikin tsari na iya haifar da sakamakon da ba za a iya canzawa ba. Ko da yake ana iya sarrafa yanayi da yanayin da ke cikin greenhouse da hannu, wannan sau da yawa yana buƙatar babban kuɗi, kayan aiki, da albarkatun ɗan adam. Idan ba a sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata ba, zai iya haifar da tsadar kayayyaki da ya zarce farashin kasuwa, wanda zai haifar da kayayyakin da ba a sayar da su ba da kuma asarar kuɗi.
Yawan amfanin amfanin gona yana tasiri da abubuwa da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da zaɓin tsiro, hanyoyin noma, kula da muhalli, daidaita tsarin gina jiki, da sarrafa kwari da cututtuka. Kowane mataki yana da mahimmanci kuma yana haɗuwa. Tare da wannan fahimtar, za mu iya bincika mafi kyawun yadda daidaituwar tsarin greenhouse tare da yankin gida ya shafi samarwa.
Lokacin girma barkono mai zaki a Arewacin Turai, yana da mahimmanci musamman a mai da hankali kan tsarin hasken wuta. barkono mai dadi tsire-tsire ne masu son haske waɗanda ke buƙatar matakan haske mai yawa, musamman a lokacin furanni da matakan 'ya'yan itace. Isasshen haske yana haɓaka photosynthesis, wanda ke haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin 'ya'yan itace. Duk da haka, yanayin haske na halitta a Arewacin Turai, musamman a lokacin hunturu, sau da yawa ba sa biyan bukatun barkono mai dadi. Shortan sa'o'in hasken rana da ƙarancin haske a cikin hunturu na iya rage haɓakar barkono mai daɗi da hana haɓakar 'ya'yan itace.
Bincike ya nuna cewa mafi kyawun ƙarfin haske don barkono mai zaki shine tsakanin 15,000 zuwa 20,000 lux kowace rana. Wannan matakin haske yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka lafiya. Duk da haka, a lokacin hunturu a Arewacin Turai, hasken rana yawanci shine 4 zuwa 5 hours kawai, wanda bai isa ba don barkono. Idan babu isasshen haske na halitta, yin amfani da ƙarin hasken ya zama dole don kula da ci gaban barkono mai zaki.
Tare da shekaru 28 na gwaninta a cikin gine-ginen greenhouse, mun yi hidima ga masu noman greenhouse 1,200 kuma muna da ƙwarewa a cikin nau'o'in amfanin gona iri-iri 52. Idan ya zo ga ƙarin hasken wuta, zaɓin gama gari shine LED da fitilun HPS. Dukansu hanyoyin haske suna da nasu amfani, kuma ya kamata a yi zabi bisa ga takamaiman bukatun da yanayin greenhouse.
| Ma'auni na kwatanta | LED (Light Emitting Diode) | HPS (Harkokin Sodium Lamp) |
| Amfanin Makamashi | Ƙarƙashin amfani da makamashi, yawanci ceton 30-50% makamashi | Babban amfani da makamashi |
| Ingantaccen Haske | Babban inganci, samar da ƙayyadaddun raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu amfani ga ci gaban shuka | Matsakaicin inganci, galibi yana samar da bakan jan-orange |
| Zafi Generation | Ƙarfin ƙarancin zafi, yana rage buƙatar sanyaya greenhouse | Ƙirƙirar zafi mai girma, na iya buƙatar ƙarin sanyaya |
| Tsawon rayuwa | Tsawon rayuwa (har zuwa 50,000+ hours) | Gajeren rayuwa (kusan sa'o'i 10,000) |
| Daidaitawar Spectrum | Bakan daidaitacce don dacewa da matakan girma iri daban-daban | Kafaffen bakan a cikin kewayon ja-orange |
| Zuba Jari na Farko | Babban zuba jari na farko | Ƙananan zuba jari na farko |
| Kudin Kulawa | Ƙananan farashin kulawa, ƙarancin sauyawa | Mafi girman farashin kulawa, sauyin kwan fitila akai-akai |
| Tasirin Muhalli | Eco-friendly ba tare da abubuwa masu haɗari ba | Ya ƙunshi ƙananan adadin mercury, yana buƙatar zubar da hankali |
| Dace | Ya dace da amfanin gona daban-daban, musamman waɗanda ke da takamaiman buƙatun bakan | M iri-iri amma ƙasa da manufa don amfanin gona da ke buƙatar takamaiman bakan haske |
| Yanayin aikace-aikace | Mafi dacewa don noma a tsaye da muhalli tare da tsananin kulawar haske | Ya dace da wuraren zama na gargajiya da kuma yawan amfanin gona |
Dangane da ƙwarewar aikinmu a CFGET, mun tattara wasu bayanai game da dabarun shuka iri daban-daban:
Fitilar Sodium mai Maƙarar Matsi (HPS) gabaɗaya sun fi dacewa don shuka 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Suna samar da ƙarfin haske mai haske da babban rabo mai haske mai ja, wanda ke da amfani don inganta ci gaban 'ya'yan itace da ripening. Farashin zuba jari na farko yana da ƙasa.
A gefe guda, fitilun LED sun fi dacewa don noman furanni. Bakan su daidaitacce, ƙarfin haske mai sarrafawa, da ƙarancin zafi na iya saduwa da takamaiman buƙatun hasken furanni a matakan girma daban-daban. Kodayake farashin saka hannun jari na farko ya fi girma, farashin aiki na dogon lokaci yana da ƙasa.
Saboda haka, babu wani zaɓi mafi kyau guda ɗaya; game da nemo abin da ya fi dacewa da takamaiman bukatunku. Muna nufin raba kwarewarmu tare da masu shuka, yin aiki tare don bincika da fahimtar ayyukan kowane tsarin. Wannan ya haɗa da nazarin wajibcin kowane tsari da ƙididdige ƙimar aiki na gaba don taimakawa masu noma yin zaɓi mafi dacewa ga yanayin su.
Ayyukan ƙwararrun mu sun jaddada cewa ya kamata yanke shawara ta ƙarshe ta dogara ne akan takamaiman bukatun amfanin gona, yanayin girma, da kasafin kuɗi.
Don ingantacciyar tantancewa da fahimtar aikace-aikacen ingantaccen tsarin hasken wutar lantarki, muna ƙididdige adadin fitilun da ake buƙata dangane da bakan haske da matakan lux, gami da amfani da makamashi. Wannan bayanan yana ba da cikakkiyar ra'ayi don taimaka muku samun ƙarin fahimtar halayen tsarin.
Na gayyace sashen fasahar mu don gabatar da tattauna hanyoyin lissafin, musamman don “ƙididdige ƙarin buƙatun hasken wuta don hanyoyin haske daban-daban guda biyu a cikin gilashin gilashin murabba'in murabba'in mita 3,000 da ke Arewacin Turai, ta amfani da noman jaka don girma barkono masu zaki”:
Ƙarin Hasken LED
1) Bukatar Wutar Haske:
1. Yi la'akari da buƙatar wutar lantarki na 150-200 watts a kowace murabba'in mita.
2.Total ikon da ake bukata = Yanki (square mita) × Bukatar wutar lantarki ta kowane yanki (watts / murabba'in mita)
3. Lissafi: 3,000 murabba'in mita × 150-200 watts / murabba'in mita = 450,000-600,000 watts
2) Yawan Haske:
1. A ɗauka kowane hasken LED yana da ikon 600 watts.
2.Yawan fitilu = Jimlar ikon da ake buƙata ÷ Ƙarfin kowane haske
3. Lissafi: 450,000-600,000 watts ÷ 600 watts = 750-1,000 fitilu
3) Amfanin Makamashi Kullum:
1. A ɗauka kowane hasken LED yana aiki don 12 hours kowace rana.
2.Yawan amfani da makamashi na yau da kullun = Yawan fitilu × Wuta a kowane haske × Awanni aiki
3. Lissafi: 750-1,000 fitilu × 600 watts × 12 hours = 5,400,000-7,200,000 watt-hours
4.Juyawa: 5,400-7,200 kilowatt-hours
HPS Ƙarin Haske
1) Bukatar Wutar Haske:
1. Yi la'akari da buƙatar wutar lantarki na 400-600 watts a kowace murabba'in mita.
2.Total ikon da ake bukata = Yanki (square mita) × Bukatar wutar lantarki ta kowane yanki (watts / murabba'in mita)
3. Lissafi: 3,000 murabba'in mita × 400-600 watts / murabba'in mita = 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts
2) Yawan Haske:
1. A ɗauka kowane hasken HPS yana da ikon 1,000 watts.
2.Yawan fitilu = Jimlar ikon da ake buƙata ÷ Ƙarfin kowane haske
3. Lissafi: 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts ÷ 1,000 watts = 1,200-1,800 fitilu
3) Amfanin Makamashi Kullum:
1. A ɗauka kowane hasken HPS yana aiki na awanni 12 kowace rana.
2.Yawan amfani da makamashi na yau da kullun = Yawan fitilu × Wuta a kowane haske × Awanni aiki
3. Lissafi: 1,200-1,800 fitilu × 1,000 watts × 12 hours = 14,400,000-21,600,000 watt-hours
4. Juyawa: 14,400-21,600 kilowatt-hours
| Abu | Ƙarin Hasken LED | HPS Ƙarin Haske |
| Bukatar Wutar Wuta | 450,000-600,000 watts | 1,200,000-1,800,000 watts |
| Yawan Haske | 750-1,000 fitilu | 1,200-1,800 fitilu |
| Amfanin Makamashi na Kullum | 5,400-7,200 kilowatt-awa | 14,400-21,600 kilowatt-hours |
Ta hanyar wannan hanyar lissafin, muna fatan za ku sami ƙarin fahimtar ainihin abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin tsarin greenhouse-kamar lissafin bayanai da dabarun kula da muhalli-don yin ƙima mai kyau.
Godiya ta musamman ga ƙwararrun masu samar da ƙarin hasken wutar lantarki a CFGET don samar da mahimman sigogi da bayanai don tabbatar da saitin hasken.
Ina fatan wannan labarin ya ba da zurfin fahimta game da matakan farko na noman greenhouse kuma yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka fahimta yayin da muke ci gaba tare. Ina fatan yin aiki tare da ku a nan gaba, yin aiki hannu da hannu don ƙirƙirar ƙarin ƙima.
Ni Coraline Tun farkon 1990s, CFGET ya kasance mai zurfi a cikin masana'antar greenhouse. Sahihanci, ikhlasi, da sadaukarwa su ne ginshiƙan ƙima da ke tafiyar da kamfaninmu. Muna ƙoƙari don girma tare da masu noman mu, ci gaba da haɓakawa da haɓaka ayyukanmu don isar da mafi kyawun mafita na greenhouse.
A Chengfei Greenhouse, mu ba kawai masana'antun greenhouse ba ne; mu abokan aikinku ne. Daga cikakkun shawarwari a cikin matakan tsare-tsare zuwa cikakken tallafi a duk lokacin tafiyarku, muna tsayawa tare da ku, muna fuskantar kowane kalubale tare. Mun yi imanin cewa kawai ta hanyar haɗin kai na gaske da kuma ci gaba da ƙoƙari za mu iya samun nasara mai ɗorewa tare.
- Coraline, Shugaba na CFGETAsalin Mawallafi: Coraline
Sanarwa na Haƙƙin mallaka: Wannan ainihin labarin haƙƙin mallaka ne. Da fatan za a sami izini kafin a sake bugawa.
#Greenhouse Noma
#Ruwan Barkono
# Hasken LED
#HPSlighting
#Gidan Fasaha
#Turai Noma
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-12-2024
