Labarai - Gudanar da Humidity na Greenhouse: Hana Cututtukan Fungal da kwari

Shin kun taɓa shiga cikin gidan ku da safe kuma kuna jin kamar kuna shiga cikin sauna? Wannan iska mai ɗumi, mai ɗanɗano zai iya zama kamar jin daɗi ga tsire-tsirenku - amma yana iya saita ku ga matsala.

Yawan zafi yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan fungal da barkewar kwaro a cikin greenhouses. Daga powdery mildew a kan cucumbers zuwa botrytis a kan strawberries, yawan danshi a cikin iska yana haifar da kyakkyawan filin kiwo don matsalolin shuka.

Bari mu rushe yadda zaku iya sarrafa zafi a cikin greenhouse - kuma me yasa yin haka zai iya adana amfanin gona da kasafin ku.

Me yasa Humidity ke da mahimmanci a cikin gidan kore?

Humidity shine adadin tururin ruwa a cikin iska. A cikin greenhouses, yawanci muna magana ne game dadangi zafi (RH) - yawan danshi a cikin iska idan aka kwatanta da iyakar da zai iya ɗauka a wannan yanayin.

Lokacin da RH ya wuce 85-90%, kun shiga yankin haɗari. Shi ke nan lokacin da fungal spores ke tsirowa, ƙwayoyin cuta suka yawaita, kuma wasu kwari ke bunƙasa. Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci kamar sarrafa zafin jiki ko haske.

A cikin ingantaccen greenhouse a cikin Netherlands, na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun faɗakar da masu shuka lokacin da RH ta buga 92%. A cikin sa'o'i 24, launin toka mai launin toka ya bayyana. Yanzu suna haifar da magoya baya ta atomatik da na'urorin cire humidifier a kashi 80% don zama lafiya.

Yadda Babban Danshi Ke Kiwo Cuta da Kwari

Cututtukan fungal suna son yanayi mai dumi, m. Spores na powdery mildew, downy mildew, da botrytis suna buƙatar 'yan sa'o'i masu zafi don kunnawa.

Babban zafi kuma yana ƙarfafa:

Filayen tsire-tsire masu ɗanɗano waɗanda ke jan hankalin thrips da fararen kwari

Raunan nama na tsire-tsire, yana sa cututtuka masu sauƙi

Kwangila a kan ganye, wanda ke yada cututtuka

Mold girma a kan 'ya'yan itace, furanni, har ma da ganuwar greenhouse

A Guangdong, wani manomin fure ya lura da baƙar fata suna yaduwa cikin dare a lokacin damina. Mai laifi? Haɗin 95% RH, iska mai tsauri, da sanyin safiya.

Mataki 1: Sanin Jikin ku

Fara da aunawa. Ba za ku iya sarrafa abin da ba ku iya gani ba. Sanya hygrometers na dijital ko na'urori masu auna yanayin yanayi a yankuna daban-daban na greenhouse - kusa da amfanin gona, ƙarƙashin benci, da cikin sasanninta masu inuwa.

Nemo:

RH na yau da kullun, musamman kafin fitowar rana

Babban RH a cikin yankunan da ke cikin ƙananan iska

Ba zato ba tsammani bayan ban ruwa ko zafin jiki ya ragu

Na'urori masu auna firikwensin za su iya bin RH kuma su daidaita magoya baya, iska, ko hazo ta atomatik - ƙirƙirar yanayin daidaita kai.

Mataki 2: Haɓaka kwararar iska da iska

Motsin iska yana taimakawa karya aljihun danshi. Hakanan yana hanzarta bushewar ganye, wanda ke hana naman gwari.

Mahimman shawarwari:

Shigar da magoya bayan iska a kwance (HAF) don yaɗa iska daidai

Bude rufin ko tafsirin gefe a lokacin dumi, lokacin zafi

Yi amfani da fanfo mai shaye-shaye ko bututun hayaƙi don cire ɗanɗanar iska

A lokacin rani, samun iska na halitta na iya yin abubuwan al'ajabi. A cikin hunturu, haɗa cikin iska mai zafi don hana sanyin sanyi a saman shuka.

Ɗaya daga cikin greenhouse a California ya rage botrytis da kashi 60 cikin 100 bayan shigar da fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen fale-falen buraka da magoya bayan matakin bene.

Mataki na 3: Daidaita Ban ruwa a hankali

Yawan ruwan sama shine babban tushen zafi. Rigar ƙasa ta ƙafe, tana haɓaka RH - musamman da dare.

Shawarwari na ban ruwa:

Ruwa da safe don haka yawan danshi yana bushewa da maraice

Yi amfani da ban ruwa mai ɗigo don rage ƙanƙara

Guji shayarwa a lokacin gajimare, kwanaki masu sanyi

Bincika danshi na ƙasa kafin shayarwa - ba kawai a kan jadawalin ba

Canja zuwa na'urori masu auna danshi na ƙasa da lokacin ban ruwa sun taimaka wa mai shuka barkono mai kararrawa guda ɗaya a Mexico ya rage RH da kashi 10 cikin ɗari a ko'ina.

Mataki na 4: Yi amfani da na'urorin cire humidifier da dumama lokacin da ake buƙata

Wani lokaci, iskar iska ba ta isa ba - musamman a lokacin sanyi ko damina. Dehumidifiers suna jan danshi daga iska kai tsaye.

Haɗa da dumama zuwa:

Hana magudanar ruwa a bangon greenhouse ko rufi

Ƙarfafa haɓakawa daga tsire-tsire

Kula da tsayayyen RH kusan 70-80%

A cikin yanayin arewa, sake dumama iska mai sanyin dare yana hana hazo da raɓa - manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da barkewar fungi.

Gidajen gine-gine na zamani galibi suna haɗa na'urorin cire humidifier da dumama zuwa kwamfutocin yanayi don sarrafawa ta atomatik.

Mataki na 5: Guji Boyewar Tarkon Humidity

Ba duk zafi ya fito daga wurare na fili ba.

Kula da:

Rigar tsakuwa ko saman ƙasa

Tsirrai masu cike da cunkoso suna toshe iska

Tari na tarkace ko rigar rigar inuwa

Leaky gutters ko bututu

Kulawa na yau da kullun, tsaftacewa, da tazarar shuke-shuke duk suna taimakawa rage zafi "masu zafi."

Wani greenhouse a Vietnam ya maye gurbin robobin filastik tare da masana'anta na ciyawa mai numfashi kuma ya yanke RH da kashi 15% a cikin ƙananan ramuka.

Mataki 6: Haɗa Tare da Sauran Ayyukan IPM

Kula da danshi wani yanki ne kawai na rigakafin kwari da cututtuka. Don cikakken kariya, haɗa shi da:

Tarin kwari don toshe kwari daga shiga

Tarko masu ɗaki don lura da kwari masu tashi

Gudanar da ilimin halitta (kamar mites masu lalata ko fungi masu amfani)

Tsaftacewa na yau da kullun da shuka pruning

Wannan cikakkiyar hanyar da za ta sa gidan ku ya fi koshin lafiya - kuma yana rage dogaro ga fungicides ko magungunan kashe kwari.

Chengfei Greenhouse yana haɗa kula da zafi a cikin dabarun su na IPM ta hanyar ƙirƙira raka'a na yau da kullun tare da ginannun iska, magudanar ruwa, da na'urorin firikwensin firikwensin - yana tabbatar da ɗanɗano yana tsayawa daga ƙasa sama.

Tsayawa wannan ma'auni yana kiyaye tsire-tsire ku girma da ƙarfi - da kwari da fungi a bay.